"gripper" meaning in All languages combined

See gripper on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈɡɹɪ.pə(ɹ)/ [UK], /ˈɡɹɪ.pəɹ/ [General-American] Audio: en-au-gripper.ogg [Australia] Forms: grippers [plural]
Rhymes: -ɪpə(ɹ) Etymology: Etymology tree English grip Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English gripper From grip + -er. Etymology templates: {{ety|en|:af|grip|-er<id:agent noun>|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree English grip Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English gripper [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "agent noun", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "nom.", "keyword_label" : "Nominalization of", "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-āzios", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ārius", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "nominalization" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ārius", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*-ārijaz", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*-ārī", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "-ere", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-ere", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-er", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "gripper", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="gripper"> From grip + -er. Head templates: {{en-noun}} gripper (plural grippers)
  1. A person who or thing which grips something.
    Sense id: en-gripper-en-noun-NQDiKG1g
  2. A cover on a handle that makes it easier to grip.
    Sense id: en-gripper-en-noun-k8qWw43o
  3. (curling) A rubber or other material attached to a curling shoe to improve traction on the ice.
    Sense id: en-gripper-en-noun-37V7WEfd Categories (other): Curling Topics: ball-games, curling, games, hobbies, lifestyle, sports
  4. (rail transport, slang) A ticket collector. Tags: slang
    Sense id: en-gripper-en-noun-cpzX7PzO Categories (other): Rail transportation, English entries referencing missing etymons, English entries with etymology texts, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with etymon, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun), Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon, Body parts Disambiguation of English entries referencing missing etymons: 5 23 14 46 11 1 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology texts: 9 22 13 45 10 2 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 9 22 13 45 10 2 Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 5 24 14 46 9 1 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 3 21 15 49 11 0 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun): 4 22 13 49 10 2 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 4 24 16 46 9 2 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 3 24 15 48 9 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 24 13 53 8 1 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 8 22 15 44 10 2 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 4 24 16 46 9 2 Disambiguation of Body parts: 3 22 13 49 10 2 Topics: rail-transport, railways, transport
  5. (graphical user interface) A visual component on a window etc. enabling it to be resized and/or moved.
    Sense id: en-gripper-en-noun-H75lBUJa Categories (other): Graphical user interface Topics: computing, engineering, graphical-user-interface, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, sciences
  6. (slang, usually in the plural) A foot. Tags: plural-normally, slang
    Sense id: en-gripper-en-noun-WpEZO1M1
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: fin gripper, microgripper, nanogripper

Verb [French]

IPA: /ɡʁi.pe/ Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-gripper.wav [France, Lyon], LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-gripper.wav [France] (note: Somain)
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der. Proto-Germanic *grīpaną Frankish *grīpander. Old French *gripper French gripper Inherited from Old French *gripper, from Frankish *grīpan, from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb- (“to grab, grasp”). Doublet of griffer. Etymology templates: {{etymon|fr|:inh|fro:*gripper<ety:der<frk:*grīpan>>|tree=+}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der. Proto-Germanic *grīpaną Frankish *grīpander. Old French *gripper French gripper [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "to grab, grasp", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*gʰreyb-", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*grīpaną", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Frankish", "term" : "*grīpan", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "frk" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "*gripper", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "gripper", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" }" data-lang="fr" data-title="gripper">, {{dercat|fr|gem}}, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|fro|*gripper|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old French *gripper, {{inh+|fr|fro|*gripper}} Inherited from Old French *gripper, {{der|fr|frk|*grīpan}} Frankish *grīpan, {{der|fr|gem-pro|*grīpaną}} Proto-Germanic *grīpaną, {{der|fr|ine-pro|*gʰreyb-||to grab, grasp}} Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb- (“to grab, grasp”), {{doublet|fr|griffer}} Doublet of griffer Head templates: {{fr-verb}} gripper Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], gripper [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], grippant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], grippé [participle, past], grippe [first-person, indicative, present, singular], grippes [indicative, present, second-person, singular], grippe [indicative, present, singular, third-person], grippons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], grippez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], grippent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], grippais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], grippais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], grippait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], grippions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], grippiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], grippaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], grippai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], grippas [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], grippa [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], grippâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], grippâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], grippèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], gripperai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], gripperas [future, indicative, second-person, singular], grippera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], gripperons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], gripperez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], gripperont [future, indicative, plural, third-person], gripperais [conditional, first-person, singular], gripperais [conditional, second-person, singular], gripperait [conditional, singular, third-person], gripperions [conditional, first-person, plural], gripperiez [conditional, plural, second-person], gripperaient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], grippe [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], grippes [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], grippe [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], grippions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], grippiez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], grippent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], grippasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], grippasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], grippât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], grippassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], grippassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], grippassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], grippe [imperative, second-person, singular], grippons [first-person, imperative, plural], grippez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. to grab, to grasp Derived forms: grippe

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "fin gripper"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "microgripper"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "nanogripper"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "grip",
        "4": "-er<id:agent noun>",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish grip\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish gripper\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"gripper\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"gripper\">\nFrom grip + -er.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish grip\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish gripper\nFrom grip + -er.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grippers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gripper (plural grippers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "grip",
        "per"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              187,
              194
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1998, Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, page 1061:",
          "text": "In a method for guiding a thread onto an empty reel after a first reel in a continuously operating spooler has become full, utilizing a moving finger on the spooler in cooperation with a gripper rotating with the empty reel […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A person who or thing which grips something."
      ],
      "id": "en-gripper-en-noun-NQDiKG1g",
      "links": [
        [
          "grips",
          "grip#Verb"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A cover on a handle that makes it easier to grip."
      ],
      "id": "en-gripper-en-noun-k8qWw43o",
      "links": [
        [
          "cover",
          "cover"
        ],
        [
          "handle",
          "handle"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Curling",
          "orig": "en:Curling",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A rubber or other material attached to a curling shoe to improve traction on the ice."
      ],
      "id": "en-gripper-en-noun-37V7WEfd",
      "links": [
        [
          "curling",
          "curling"
        ],
        [
          "rubber",
          "rubber"
        ],
        [
          "curling",
          "curling"
        ],
        [
          "traction",
          "traction"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(curling) A rubber or other material attached to a curling shoe to improve traction on the ice."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "ball-games",
        "curling",
        "games",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Rail transportation",
          "orig": "en:Rail transportation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 23 14 46 11 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 22 13 45 10 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 22 13 45 10 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 24 14 46 9 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 21 15 49 11 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 22 13 49 10 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 24 16 46 9 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 24 15 48 9 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 24 13 53 8 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 22 15 44 10 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 24 16 46 9 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 22 13 49 10 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Body parts",
          "orig": "en:Body parts",
          "parents": [
            "Anatomy"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A ticket collector."
      ],
      "id": "en-gripper-en-noun-cpzX7PzO",
      "links": [
        [
          "rail transport",
          "rail transport"
        ],
        [
          "ticket collector",
          "ticket collector"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rail transport, slang) A ticket collector."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "slang"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "rail-transport",
        "railways",
        "transport"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Graphical user interface",
          "orig": "en:Graphical user interface",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              104,
              111
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2004, Micah Laaker, Christopher Schmitt, Adobe Photoshop CS in 10 Simple Steps or Less, page 43:",
          "text": "To move the options bar from its default location at the top of the screen to a new location, click the gripper on the option bar's left edge and drag it to its new location.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A visual component on a window etc. enabling it to be resized and/or moved."
      ],
      "id": "en-gripper-en-noun-H75lBUJa",
      "links": [
        [
          "graphical user interface",
          "graphical user interface"
        ],
        [
          "visual",
          "visual"
        ],
        [
          "component",
          "component"
        ],
        [
          "window",
          "window"
        ],
        [
          "resize",
          "resize"
        ],
        [
          "move",
          "move"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(graphical user interface) A visual component on a window etc. enabling it to be resized and/or moved."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "graphical-user-interface",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              18
            ]
          ],
          "text": "Put those grippers away!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A foot."
      ],
      "id": "en-gripper-en-noun-WpEZO1M1",
      "links": [
        [
          "foot",
          "foot"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(slang, usually in the plural) A foot."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "plural-normally",
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹɪ.pə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹɪ.pəɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-gripper.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/57/En-au-gripper.ogg/En-au-gripper.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/En-au-gripper.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Australia"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪpə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gripper"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripar"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "fro:*gripper<ety:der<frk:*grīpan>>",
        "tree": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to grab, grasp\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʰreyb-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*grīpaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Frankish\", \"term\" : \"*grīpan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"frk\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"*gripper\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"gripper\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"gripper\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gem"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "*gripper",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French *gripper",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "*gripper"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old French *gripper",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*grīpan"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *grīpan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*grīpaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grīpaną",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰreyb-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to grab, grasp"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb- (“to grab, grasp”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "griffer"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of griffer",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\nInherited from Old French *gripper, from Frankish *grīpan, from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb- (“to grab, grasp”). Doublet of griffer.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripper",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippant",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippé",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippe",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippes",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippe",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippons",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippez",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippent",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippais",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippais",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippait",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippions",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippiez",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippaient",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippai",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippas",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippa",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippâmes",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippâtes",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippèrent",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperai",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperas",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippera",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperons",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperez",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperont",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperais",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperais",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperait",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperions",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperiez",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperaient",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippe",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippes",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippe",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippions",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippiez",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippent",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippasse",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippasses",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippât",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippassions",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippassiez",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippassent",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippe",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippons",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippez",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gripper",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "grippe"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grab, to grasp"
      ],
      "id": "en-gripper-fr-verb-kxTkfzAY",
      "links": [
        [
          "grab",
          "grab"
        ],
        [
          "grasp",
          "grasp"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pe/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-gripper.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e6/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gripper.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gripper.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e6/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gripper.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gripper.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Lyon"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-gripper.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-gripper.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-gripper.wav.mp3",
      "note": "Somain",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-gripper.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-gripper.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gripper"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English agent nouns",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries referencing missing etymons",
    "English entries with etymology texts",
    "English entries with etymology trees",
    "English entries with etymon",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Rhymes:English/ɪpə(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/ɪpə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
    "en:Body parts"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "fin gripper"
    },
    {
      "word": "microgripper"
    },
    {
      "word": "nanogripper"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "grip",
        "4": "-er<id:agent noun>",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish grip\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish gripper\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"gripper\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"gripper\">\nFrom grip + -er.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish grip\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish gripper\nFrom grip + -er.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grippers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gripper (plural grippers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "grip",
        "per"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              187,
              194
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1998, Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, page 1061:",
          "text": "In a method for guiding a thread onto an empty reel after a first reel in a continuously operating spooler has become full, utilizing a moving finger on the spooler in cooperation with a gripper rotating with the empty reel […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A person who or thing which grips something."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grips",
          "grip#Verb"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A cover on a handle that makes it easier to grip."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cover",
          "cover"
        ],
        [
          "handle",
          "handle"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Curling"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A rubber or other material attached to a curling shoe to improve traction on the ice."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "curling",
          "curling"
        ],
        [
          "rubber",
          "rubber"
        ],
        [
          "curling",
          "curling"
        ],
        [
          "traction",
          "traction"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(curling) A rubber or other material attached to a curling shoe to improve traction on the ice."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "ball-games",
        "curling",
        "games",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English slang",
        "en:Rail transportation"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A ticket collector."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rail transport",
          "rail transport"
        ],
        [
          "ticket collector",
          "ticket collector"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rail transport, slang) A ticket collector."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "slang"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "rail-transport",
        "railways",
        "transport"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned",
        "en:Graphical user interface"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              104,
              111
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2004, Micah Laaker, Christopher Schmitt, Adobe Photoshop CS in 10 Simple Steps or Less, page 43:",
          "text": "To move the options bar from its default location at the top of the screen to a new location, click the gripper on the option bar's left edge and drag it to its new location.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A visual component on a window etc. enabling it to be resized and/or moved."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "graphical user interface",
          "graphical user interface"
        ],
        [
          "visual",
          "visual"
        ],
        [
          "component",
          "component"
        ],
        [
          "window",
          "window"
        ],
        [
          "resize",
          "resize"
        ],
        [
          "move",
          "move"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(graphical user interface) A visual component on a window etc. enabling it to be resized and/or moved."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "graphical-user-interface",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English slang",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              18
            ]
          ],
          "text": "Put those grippers away!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A foot."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "foot",
          "foot"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(slang, usually in the plural) A foot."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "plural-normally",
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹɪ.pə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹɪ.pəɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-gripper.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/57/En-au-gripper.ogg/En-au-gripper.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/En-au-gripper.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Australia"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪpə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gripper"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "grippe"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gripar"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "fro:*gripper<ety:der<frk:*grīpan>>",
        "tree": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to grab, grasp\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʰreyb-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*grīpaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Frankish\", \"term\" : \"*grīpan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"frk\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"*gripper\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"gripper\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"gripper\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gem"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "*gripper",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French *gripper",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "*gripper"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old French *gripper",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*grīpan"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *grīpan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*grīpaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grīpaną",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰreyb-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to grab, grasp"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb- (“to grab, grasp”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "griffer"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of griffer",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʰreyb-der.\nProto-Germanic *grīpaną\nFrankish *grīpander.\nOld French *gripper\nFrench gripper\nInherited from Old French *gripper, from Frankish *grīpan, from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb- (“to grab, grasp”). Doublet of griffer.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripper",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippant",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippé",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippe",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippes",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippe",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippons",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippez",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippent",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippais",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippais",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippait",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippions",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippiez",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippaient",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippai",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippas",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippa",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippâmes",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippâtes",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippèrent",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperai",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperas",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippera",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperons",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperez",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperont",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperais",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperais",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperait",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperions",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperiez",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gripperaient",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippe",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippes",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippe",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippions",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippiez",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippent",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippasse",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippasses",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippât",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippassions",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippassiez",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippassent",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippe",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁip/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippons",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grippez",
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gripper",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French 2-syllable words",
        "French doublets",
        "French entries with etymology trees",
        "French entries with etymon",
        "French entries with incorrect language header",
        "French first group verbs",
        "French lemmas",
        "French terms derived from Frankish",
        "French terms derived from Germanic languages",
        "French terms derived from Old French",
        "French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "French terms inherited from Old French",
        "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "French verbs",
        "French verbs with conjugation -er",
        "Pages using etymon with no ID",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymology trees",
        "Pages with etymon",
        "Pages with inline etymon for redlinks"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grab, to grasp"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grab",
          "grab"
        ],
        [
          "grasp",
          "grasp"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡʁi.pe/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-gripper.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e6/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gripper.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gripper.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e6/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gripper.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-gripper.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Lyon"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-gripper.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-gripper.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-gripper.wav.mp3",
      "note": "Somain",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-gripper.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-gripper.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gripper"
}

Download raw JSONL data for gripper meaning in All languages combined (19.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.